Comets are celestial bodies made up of ice, dust and rocks that orbit around the Sun following different elliptical, parabolic or hyperbolic trajectories. Comets, along with asteroids, planets and satellites, are part of the Solar System. Most of these celestial bodies describe elliptical orbits of great eccentricity, which produces their approach to the Sun with a considerable period. Unlike asteroids, comets are solid bodies made of materials that sublimate in the vicinity of the Sun. At a great distance (from 5-10 AU) they develop an atmosphere that surrounds the nucleus, called a comma or hair, which is formed by gas and dust. As the comet approaches the Sun, the solar wind lashes the coma and the characteristic tail is generated, which is made up of dust and ionized coma gas. The Oort Cloud is considered the origin of the majority of the comets of the Solar System. The most famous comet is Halley.
